Wednesday, July 31, 2019
Hamlet- His Procrastination and Its Causes Essay
Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, is one of the most celebrated plays in the English language. Throughout the play, Hamlet struggles with the death of his father and the swift remarriage of his mother to his father†‘†s brother. In Act I, scene iv, his father†‘†s ghost appears, urging Hamlet for revenge over his untimely murder (committed by his own brother). Taken aback by shock, Hamlet agrees with to revenge, ‘†‘†¦with wings as swift / as meditation or the thoughts of love'†‘ (I.iv.29-30). After this visitation however, many critics proclaim Hamlet procrastinates action for various reasons. Some relate his delay to his high intellect and over analysis of the situation; others declare his lack of courage caused his inaction. Two of the strangest interpretations include the following: that Shakespeare penned the delayed simply for the purpose of having a five-act play, and that Hamlet was truly ‘†‘a woman is disguise!'†‘ (‘†‘Hamlet: His Own Falstaff'†‘ 12). Regardless of the various reasons attributed to the hesitation, his delay is especially noticeable because it lies in stark contrast to Fortinbras†‘†and Laertes†‘†passionate desire for their respective fathers†‘†revenge. As Curtis Perry articulates, ‘†‘[Hamlet†‘†s] hesitation stands out as all the more unusual'†‘ due to the others unmatched need for vengeance (‘†‘Thematic and Structural Analysis'†‘ 22). Many take a very literal interpretation of the play and maintain that many of that situations in which Hamlet delays were a necessary and essential step in the process of revenge. An example lies in Hamlet†‘†s first confrontation with the Ghost. Upon seeing the Ghost†‘†s image, Hamlet remarks, ‘†‘Be thou a spirit of health or goblin damned, / Bring with thee airs from heaven or blasts from hell, / Be thy intents wicked or charitable, / Thou com†‘†st in such a questionable shape / That I will speak to thee'†‘ (I.iv.40-44). This quote demonstrates Hamlet†‘†s fear that his father†‘†s ghost could be a devil from hell sent to pressure him to sin. He brooded over this fear until the traveling players (actors) enter the story. The performance of the play, ‘†‘The Murder of Gonzago'†‘ presented Hamlet the opportunity to see if the ghost was lyin g about his murder. He altered a speech in the play to read exactly as the ghost said he was murdered. He planned to watch his uncle†‘†s reactions and he believed, ‘†‘if his occulted guilt / Do no itself unkennel in one speech, / it is a damned ghost that we have seen'†‘ (III.ii.85-87). Many critics use this for evidence that Hamlet delays in the murder of his uncle until he has verification that the ghost is not a demon. However, after his uncle, King Claudius, flees from the room before the plays completion it is obvious that Claudius is the murderer. Hamlet, intent on murdering him, follows him to where he is praying. He once again refrains from the murder because it was a religious belief at the time if a man is killed while praying, his soul is saved and sent to heaven. Hamlet wishes to kill both Claudius†‘†body and soul. William Hazlitt is one of the critics who take an opposing point of view to Hamlet†‘†s inaction. Hazlitt views Hamlet as follows: ‘†‘He seems incapable of deliberate action†¦ when he is most bound to act, he remains puzzled, undecided, and skeptical, dallies with his purposes, till the occasion is lost†¦ for this reason he refuses to kill the King when he is at prayers, and by a refinement in malice, which is in truth only an excuse for his own want of resolution, defers his revenge to a more fatal opportunity'†‘ (‘†‘On Hamlet†‘†s Power of Action'†‘ 26). Hazlitt believes that Hamlet†‘†s inaction is partly due to his cowardice. Hamlet himself indicates this in his soliloquy in act IV, scene iv, lines 41-46 that although he has all the reasons in the world to murder, he cannot seem to commit himself to the action. As T. McAlindon phrases it, ‘†‘the great hole in the middle of the play is the unwritten soliloquy in which Hamlet weighs the rights and wrongs of private revenge and identifies the cause of his delay. Hamlet†‘†s failure to do this testifies to the depth of his confusion'†‘ (‘†‘On Love in Hamlet'†‘ 65). McAlindon reasons that his inability to act is a combination of his cowardice and his hesitation of what to do in the situation. Goethe says, quite harshly, that Hamlet lacks, ‘†‘the strength of nerve which forms a hero'†‘ (‘†‘On William Meister and Hamlet'†‘ 24). Critic August Wilhelm von Schlegel goes as far as to say that of the few times that Hamlet did act out, it wasn†‘†t because he was brave. When he, ‘†‘succeeded in getting rid of his enemies, [it was] more through necessity and accident†¦ than by the merit of his own courage, as he himself confesses after the murder of Polonius, and with respect to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern'†‘ (‘†‘On Hamlet†‘†s Flaws'†‘ 36). Harold Goddard takes a different viewpoint concerning the spur-of-the moment killings of Polonius, Rosencrantz, and Guildenstern. Goddard likens Hamlet†‘†s choices to a tug of war: ‘†‘If two forces pulling a body in opposite directions are unequal, the body will move in response to the preponderant force. If the two are nearly equal, but alternately gain slight ascendancy, it will remain unmoved except for corresponding vibrations'†‘ (‘†‘Hamlet: His Own Falstaff'†‘ 20). Those â€Å"‘†corresponding vibrations†‘†he speaks of are the instances in which Hamlet finally takes action. Harry Levin carries a similar opinion, arguing that Hamlet, ‘†‘deliberates between rival options: either to revenge or not to revenge, whether a visitant comes from heaven or hell'†‘ (‘†‘Interrogation, Doubt, Irony'†‘ 51). Levin implies that H amlet†‘†s delay is due more to his mental deliberation and doubt than to cowardice. The mental deliberation, which Levin and Goddard speak of, is due to the high intellect that Hamlet possesses. Goddard, believing that Hamlet is a born intellect, considers in this extreme example that having him play the role of avenger, ‘†‘is almost as if Jesus had been asked to play the role of Napoleon†¦'†‘ (‘†‘Hamlet: His Own Falstaff'†‘ 12). In one of the most famous analyzations of Hamlet, Friedrich Nietzsche compares Hamlet to a Dionysian man: ‘†‘Knowledge kills action; actions requires the veils of illusion: that is the doctrine of Hamlet, not that cheap wisdom of Jack the Dreamer who reflects too much and, as it were, from an excess of possibilities does not get around to action. Not reflection, no-true knowledge, an insight into the horrible truth, outweighs any motive of action, both in Hamlet and in the Dionysian man'†‘ (‘†‘On Hamlet as the Dionysian Man'†‘ 40). Hamlet†‘†s intellect has also been used negatively as a reason for his deterrence in action. Lawrence Danson believes that Hamlet does not feel satisfied to kill Claudius at any time; Hamlet must kill in a moment with poetic justice and beauty. Hamlet wishes to commit the murder in all perfection, ‘†‘and because he cannot have his revenge perfect, according to the most refined idea his wish can form, he declines it altogether'†‘ (‘†‘On Hamlet†‘†s Power of Action'†‘ 26). In the final murder, ‘†‘as the overdetermined image of Pyrrhus in the Player†‘†s speech suggests, avenger and victim must finally become one. Hamlet dies, and his death, the necessary end of this tragedy, enables his expressive gesture'†‘ (‘†‘Tragic Alphabet'†‘ 85). Another negative view on Hamlet†‘†s intellect and delay is that he is a dreamer who cannot relate to the real world. C.S. Lewis borrows from one of Hamlet†‘†s soliloquies as he describes the picture the reader perceives of Hamlet as, ‘†‘a dull and muddy-mettled rascal, a John-a-dreams, somehow unable to move while ultimate dishonor is done him'†‘ (‘†‘On Hamlet†‘†s Soliloquies'†‘ 50). Samuel Taylor Coleridge reasons that the cause for Hamlet†‘†s inability to move is that his balance between the world of the mind and the real world are disturbed. As a cause, ‘†‘[he] delays actions till action is of no use, and dies the victim of mere circumstance and accident'†‘ (‘†‘On Hamlet†‘†s Intellectualism'†‘ 38-39). His inability to deal with the real world make the situation presented to him (revenge of his father†‘†s murder) almost too great for his mind. Oscar Wilde describes the situation as follows: ‘†‘He is a dreamer, and he is called upon to act. He has the nature of the poet and he is asked to grapple with the common complexities of cause and effect, with life in its practical realization, of which he knows nothing, not with life in its ideal essence, of which he knows much'†‘ (‘†‘On Rosencrantz and Guildenstern'†‘ 41). Many critics follow Wilde†‘†s belief that Hamlet was unfit for the task of revenge. However, other experts attribute his inadequacy in the part of avenger not to a habit of dreaming but rather to his lack of a violent nature. To Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Hamlet, with a ‘†‘soul unfit'†‘ for the deed, is like, ‘†‘an oak-tree planted in a costly jar, which should have borne only pleasant flowers in its bosom; [but regrettably] the roots expand, [and] the jar is shivered'†‘ (‘†‘On William Meister and Hamlet'†‘ 24). Northrop Frye expresses that Hamlet must clear his mind over everything he is accustomed to – ‘†‘thought and feeling and observation and awareness'†‘ – and focus, ‘†‘solely on hatred and revenge, a violent alteration of his natural mental habits'†‘ in order to commit the act of revenge (‘†‘The Tragedy of Order'†‘ 131). Best said according to this school of criticism, Hamlet is in itself the story of an ‘†‘intelligent man and the uncongenial role- that of avenger- that fate calls upon him to play'†‘ (Rosenblum 117). An important consideration in the examination of Hamlet†‘†s procrastination is his own recognition of it. In act II, scene ii, lines 599-602, Hamlet proclaims: ‘†‘Why, what an ass am I! This is most brave, / That I, the son of a dear father murdered, / Prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell, / Must (like a whore) unpack my heart with words†¦'†‘ Earlier in this same soliloquy, Hamlet asks, ‘†‘What would [Hecuba] do, / Had he the motive and the cue for passion / That I have?'†‘ (II.ii.574-576). Curtis Perry, of Harvard University, stresses that the use of the words ‘†‘prompted'†‘ and ‘†‘cue'†‘ in the same speech imply that Hamlet feels as though he is only an actor preparing for a role; he feels he ‘†‘lacks the passion to commit a rash murder'†‘ (‘†‘Thematic and Structural Analysis'â€ Ã¢â‚¬Ë œ 18). He is disgusted that the players (actors) could create more passion ‘†‘all for nothing'†‘ (II.ii.571) than he can for the revenge of his father. Hamlet has a similar self-confrontation in his fourth soliloquy in act IV, scene iv: in these scene, he encounters the captain of Fortinbras†‘†army marching to battle over a, ‘†‘little patch of ground / That hath in it no profit but the name'†‘ (IV.iv.18-19). He is amazed over the willingness of these soldiers to die in the pursuit of honor in contrast to his own ‘†‘dull revenge'†‘ (IV.iv.33). He commits himself to pursue only bloody thoughts and to no longer delay in his father†‘†s revenge. Perhaps one of the most widely debated reasons that critics have attributed to Hamlet†‘†s delay is Sigmund Freud†‘†s controversial Oedipus Complex. In this school of criticism and psychology, ever son has strong repressed sexual feelings towards his own mother. According to Freud: ‘†‘Hamlet is able to do anything- except take vengeance on the man who did away with his father and took that father†‘†s place with his mother, the man who shows him the repressed wishes of his own childhood realized. Thus the loathing which should drive him on to revenge is replaced in him by self-reproaches, by scruples of conscience, which remind him that he himself is literally no better than the sinner whom he is to punish'†‘ (‘†‘On Hamlet and His Father'†‘ 44). Harold Bloom, stands in stark disagreement to Freud†‘†s beliefs. Bloom believes that, ‘†‘The Hamlet Complex is not incestuous but†¦[instead] theatrical'†‘ (54). A school of thought not often considered is why the reader feels he must obey his father. Harold Goddard believes that in all of us there is, ‘†‘stored up within ourselves so many unrequited wrongs and injuries, forgotten and unforgotten†¦ that we like nothing better than to rid ourselves of a little of the accumulation by projecting it†¦ on the defenseless puppets of the dramatic imagination'†‘ (‘†‘Hamlet: His Own Falstaff'†‘ 13). Cedric Watts stresses perhaps the most important belief in the analysis of Hamlet: ‘†‘there is no master-Hamlet to be discovered by poring over the text, and we don†‘†t need such a discovery'†‘ (‘†‘On the Many Interpretations of Hamlet'†‘ 63). Watts stresses that Hamlet was written not to be interpreted in one sole fashion, but to be interpreted in a multitude of different ways. The joy in trying to read Hamlet and analyze the reasons for his procrastination lay in the fact that, ‘†‘if we fail to seek what it never surrenders, we fail to enjoy what it renders'†‘ (‘†‘On the Many Interpretations of Hamlet'†‘ 63). â€â€- BIBLIOGRAPHY (format is weird b/c I didn’t know how to cite a certain book that contained a collection of seperate essays) BIBLIOGRAPHY Bloom, Harold. Hamlet: Poem Unlimited. New York: Riverhead Books, 2003. Bloom, Harold. Modern Critical Views: William Shakespeare- The Tragedies. Philadelphia, PA: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Coleridge, Samuel Taylor. ‘†‘On Hamlet†‘†s Intellectualism.'†‘ William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet: Bloom†‘†s Notes, 1996 ed. Danson, Lawrence. ‘†‘Tragic Alphabet.'†‘ Modern Critical Interpretations: William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet. 1986 ed. Freud, Sigmund. ‘†‘On Hamlet and His Father.'†‘ William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet: Bloom†‘†s Notes, 1996 ed. Frye, Northrop. ‘†‘The Tragedy of Order.'†‘ Modern Critical Views: William Shakespeare- The Tragedies. 1986 ed. Goddard, Harold. ‘†‘Hamlet: His Own Falstaff.'†‘ Modern Critical Interpretations: William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet. 1986 ed. Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von. ‘†‘On William Meister and Hamlet.'†‘ Bloom†‘†s Major Dramatists: Shakespeare†‘†s Tragedies. 2000 ed. Hazlitt, William. ‘†‘On Hamlet†‘†s Power of Action.'†‘ Bloom†‘†s Major Dramatists: Shakespeare†‘†s Tragedies. 2000 ed. Levin, Harry. ‘†‘Interrogation, Doubt, Irony.'†‘ Modern Critical Views: William Shakespeare- The Tragedies. 1986 ed. Lewis, C.S. ‘†‘On Hamlet†‘†s Soliloquies.'†‘ William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet: Bloom†‘†s Notes, 1996 ed. McAlindon, T. ‘†‘On Love in Hamlet.'†‘ William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet: Bloom†‘†s Notes, 1996 ed. Nietzsche, Friedrich. ‘†‘On Hamlet as the Dionysian Man.'†‘ William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet: Bloom†‘†s Notes, 1996 ed. Perry, Curtis. ‘†‘Thematic and Structural Analysis.'†‘ William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet: Bloom†‘†s Notes, 1996 ed. Rosenblum, Joseph. A Reader†‘†s Guide to Shakespeare. New York: Barnes and Noble Books, 1999. Schlegel, August Wilhelm von. ‘†‘On Hamlet†‘†s Flaws.'†‘ William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet: Bloom†‘†s Notes, 1996 ed. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet: Price of Denmark. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1603. Watts, Cedric. ‘†‘On the Many Interpretations of Hamlet.'†‘ William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet: Bloom†‘†s Notes, 1996 ed. Wilde, Oscar. ‘†‘On Rosencrantz and Guildenstern.'†‘ William Shakespeare†‘†s Hamlet: Bloom†‘†s Notes, 1996 ed.
Negative Effects of Privatizing Social Security
Bush administration’s continuous emphasis on the issue of privatization of social security services has generated much hype in the recent years. Many a social security scholars and workers take into account its bad effects on the socio-cultural sector and economic domain of United States rather than eulogizing it. They put forward many negative effects of this privatization of social security. One of the prime negative effects is that a system that is carved out to offer benefits to employees and their kin upon retirement, disability, or bereavement is going to be treated like a commodity. It is a public service and is not a commercial service. From the very start of social security system in 1935, the program was based on the basis principle that magnitude of the remuneration package would depend on the income of employees over their professional time span. Contrary to this, Bush administration’s new privatized security system would take into account the   amount of funds that a worker would invest in his or her own personal account. Ultimately, this will lower the magnitude of benefit and there would be a great uncertainty on the part of the workers about their investments, margin over investments and remuneration. This would not only result into socio-economic maladies for their but psychological and mental health of the workers would be in danger too. Some scholars are of the view that â€Å"Rate of return†calculations, made by the proponents of privatized social security overlook the â€Å"value of Social Security's insurance protections†. So privatization of Social Security would divert the money that is currently used to finance existing insurance program into investment accounts (this proposed to be created for each worker). So from what sources this amount, that is being used to carry on current payments to recipients of a variety of Social Security insurance and other benefits, will be collected? It would generate a cause and effect phenomenon. For example Treasury of States have to borrow huge amounts from the private sectors and other financial institutes instantaneously in order to pay the insurance and other retirement benefits to the already retired and/or their families. This would cause negative impact on the national economy and federal deficit would go up. National saving would decline and it will effect the long-tern economic development. Another negative impact of the privatization of social security is that remuneration on the finances of workers through individual accounts would be totally dependent on the market trends. Furthermore scholars argue that individual investors are more prone to perform badly in the market than collective investments. In the above case brokerage houses, banks and mutual funds would be beneficial. Social Security programs does not take into account the gender differences and its patterns and procedures treat men and women on equal terms, But is a biological and cultural truth that women get the worst provided by the social security. So in this way, she will be the most hard-hit in the privatization process of social security. Caroll L. Estes as early as 2004 take into consideration the negative impact of privatization of Social security and says; Negative effects are particularly harsh for those older women who do not conform to the model of family status as married with male breadwinner and for those already disadvantaged by race, ethnicity, and class. (Estes, 2004) References Anrig Grig, Jr., ; Wasow, Bernard. Twelve Reasons Why Privatizing Social Security is a Bad Idea. The Century Foundation. 2004. Available online: http://www.socsec.org/publications.asp?pubid=503 Estes, Caroll L. Social Security privatization and older women: A feminist political economy perspective. Journal of Aging Studies. Vol.18. No. February 2004, Pages 9-26 Feldstein, Martin. Privatizing Social Security. Journal of Economic Literature, Vol. 37, No. 2 (Jun., 1999), pp. 685-686 ; ; ;
Tuesday, July 30, 2019
Contextual Factors of the Classroom
This paper discusses the contextual factors within the school community and how they can impact the acquisition and learning procedure. The paper looks at different factors such as community, school territory, schoolroom, and pupil features. Within these factors an account is given for how each one can impact pupil acquisition and accomplishment. Besides, deductions are discussed and schemes are given for how instructors can integrate contextual factors and still make pupil accomplishment. robert.askey2010-09-20T15:00:00 Space Contextual Factors of the Classroom, School, and Community and How They Affect the Teaching and Learning Process Many people think that there are n't many contextual factors within the learning profession. They think that the instructor teaches the lesson, the pupils listen softly, and so they complete their assignments. While that may be a â€Å" dream †schoolroom, is it far from world. There are many deductions that go along with the profession. The environing community, every bit good as, the school and school territories have a batch of lending factors that affect the instruction and acquisition procedure. Classroom kineticss and pupil features are besides of import factors when it comes to teacher planning and pupil acquisition. Teachers need to take all of these factors into history to guarantee that all the demands of our pupils are met. Community Factors The community plays a large portion in the acquisition procedure and school accomplishment. Some communities tend to go a really high transient country. Many people move about depending on where occupations are located, which leads to pupils coming and traveling throughout the academic school twelvemonth. This instability causes a break in learning. Achievement spreads are created because pupil direction is non consistent, which leads to hapless motive within pupil acquisition. Besides, some provinces may hold a batch of English Language Learners ( ELL ) depending on where they are located geographically. States that are close to the outside boundary lines may detect an addition in ELL pupils, which excessively, may do a challenge when supplying direction. Teachers will hold to accommodate their direction to supply schemes for ELL pupils and do certain that they enrich their vocabulary cognition. Different economical positions may besides be a conducive factor within the instruction and acquisition procedure. Schools that are located in low socio-economic countries may non acquire the support or resources from the outside community. Parents are non able to supply supplies for their kids or the schoolroom, which may impede instructional chances for pupils. Whereas, schools that are located in higher economic countries have a batch of community support and local contributions to assist supply pupils with equal resources they need for acquisition. District Factors School Districts have an huge influence when it comes to the acquisition and learning procedure. They are the 1s that pave the manner for academic success. Recently, many territories have been traveling through a budget deficit. They are being forced to put off instructors and make full the places with long term replacements. Many long term replacements do non hold the same educational background and preparation that licensed instructors have, which may ensue in academic failure with our pupils. Districts are besides being forced to cut many plans and resources. The most frequent plans to be cut are extracurricular activities. Many pupils gain motive from these extracurricular activitiesrobert.askey2010-09-20T15:01:00 I could non hold more.. Students are required to keep a certain class point norm which forces pupils to seek harder in school and advance academic accomplishment. In David Reeves ‘ ( 2008 ) article, a survey was conducted to mensurate the relevancy between extracurricular activities and pupil accomplishment. Woodstock High School, in Woodstock Ill. , found that pupils who took portion in three or four extracurricular activities during the twelvemonth had dramatically better classs than those who participated in no extra-curricular activitiesrobert.askey2010-09-20T15:02:00 This is a great illustration of how to utilize a mention to back up the point you are seeking to make.. Classroom Factors The schoolroom is the most of import factor when it comes to student acquisition and teacher direction. It is a topographic point where pupils should experience safe and acquisition should be promoted, therefore it should be clean and in superior status. All pupil desks and chairs should be in good status. If classroom furniture is uncomfortable, pupils may lose their deficiency of focal point. Students should besides be confronting the way where direction is being taught, if they have to turn around to see, their focal point will be lost. The stuffs in the schoolroom should be organized and available for easy entree. This will let small clip to be taken off from direction. Technology resources are another lending factor for pupil acquisition and the instruction procedure. Resources such as computing machines, SMART boards, and Elmos, supply a more custodies on larning experience for pupils. These resources will let instructors to fix our pupils for the engineering savvy professional community. Another factor within the schoolroom is a strong sense of regulations and modus operandis. Students need to cognize and stay by schoolroom modus operandis and regulations. In the schoolroom, pupils frequently spend a batch of clip waiting for a new activity to get down. This can take to a batch of otiose instructional clip. It is of import for instructors to hold effectual modus operandis in topographic point so that the maximal sum of instructional clip can be utilized. Proper modus operandis and regulations besides lead to minimum breaks and behaviour jobs, hence advancing the acquisition procedure. Concerted acquisition is another of import factor for the acquisition procedure. Students are able to work together and construct a schoolroom community. During the grouping pupils are typically forced to utilize job work outing schemes to come up with solutions and heighten critical thought accomplishments. Concerted groups are besides typically heterogenous so that varied degrees are incorporated into each group ; everyone has something different to convey to the group. Student Features Students frequently come into our schoolroom with a whole batch of â€Å" luggage. †There are many factors that pupils have to cover with which can impact their acquisition procedure. Many schoolrooms today are multicultural. It is of import that instructors understand the cultural differences within their schoolroom, and acquire to cognize their pupils. Students may come from a background where instruction is non good respected and higher instruction is non an option. This may hold an consequence on those single pupils ‘s accomplishment. Teachers will necessitate to modify and prosecute acquisition to assist actuate these pupils. In today ‘s schoolroom ‘s, many pupils have particular demands. Teachers need to recognize that non all pupils are on the same degree, and that direction should be differentiated to run into the demands of each pupil. Most schools have adopted the inclusive theoretical account where kids with particular demands spend at least half of the twenty-four hours in a general instruction schoolroom with particular helpers. Inclusive classrooms non merely benefit pupils with particular demands, but the general instruction pupils as good. Teachers are provided an helper to assist during direction which will let more attending to all pupils within the schoolroom. Particular needs pupils are besides introduced to more grade degree content, assisting them reach IEP ends. In bend, this will be good towards the acquisition procedure for all pupils. Students besides have different larning modes. Some pupils may be an audile scholar, they need to hear waies or complete unwritten assignments. Other pupils may be a ocular scholar ; ocular images are a large portion of their direction penchant. Students that need to make things and travel about may be kinaesthetic scholars. In a typical schoolroom, there will be a broad assortment of these modes. Teachers should supply an mixture of instructional techniques to run into the larning demands of all pupils. Not all pupils come into your schoolroom with the same cognition or accomplishments. Many instructors have to accommodate their direction to re-teach or construct background on the approaching content. Depending on the environing community, pupils may non hold the assumed societal experiences. Teachers frequently need to pass excess clip presenting pupils to the content, edifice background, and conveying in regalia to assist pupils link with the subject being presented. Besides, pupils coming from the old twelvemonth may hold non learned of import constructs used in the following class degree. Many instructors have to pass the beginning of the school twelvemonth learning constructs that should hold been mastered in the old twelvemonth. With the deficiency of accomplishments or prior larning it can take twice every bit long to accomplish the acquisition ends. Instructional Deductions When be aftering direction, instructors should maintain many deductions in head. Teachers should go painstaking of where there pupil comes from. They need to retrieve that non all pupils come from the same civilization and socio-economic background. Some pupils require more forbearance and apprehension, which they may non have at place. Not all pupils have the same support system at place. Many parents may work, or there may be merely one parent who works two occupations. We, as instructors, need to be more understanding to our pupils ‘ emotional demands. These pupils may necessitate excess instructional clip to assist accomplish larning ends. Student larning manners is another deduction that instructors need to maintain in head when be aftering direction. All pupils learn in different ways. To assist with accomplishment, instructors should offer assorted activities from each mode. In my schoolroom I give pupils an assignment bill of fare. Each bill of fare consists of different assignments measuring the same criterion. The assignments are geared to all the different acquisition modes, leting pupils to take which activities they want to make. Giving pupils a bill of fare of assignment picks will non merely increase pupil accomplishment, but will besides heighten pupil motive and battle. robert.askey2010-09-20T15:06:00 Great scheme. When be aftering direction, instructors need to take all of these contextual factors into history. As a instructor, we have to come to the realisation that each pupil is different. Whether it ‘s the community, school territory, schoolroom, or the pupil features, each pupil comes with a â€Å" bag †of who they are. We need to encompass their â€Å" bag †and assist them accomplish academically, socially, and emotionally.
Monday, July 29, 2019
Occupational Safety and Health as a profession Essay - 1
Occupational Safety and Health as a profession - Essay Example Occupational and environmental health and safety nurses, safety professionals, industrials hygienists, occupational health psychologists and occupational medicine physicians, are some of the occupational health and safety professionals. Other professionals that form a wider team of occupational safety and health multidisciplinary include toxicologists, human resource specialists, ergonomists, industrial or organizational psychologists and epidemiologists. These professionals have been accredited through certain specific procedures to practice occupational safety and health profession or offer services under occupational safety and health sector in accordance with the Regulation Act. Currently, there are no standards specific for occupational safety and health professionals. Work safety in almost all areas of the economy was worsened by the economic boom and the associated turnover in the labor that took place during the World War II (Fairris 187-203). However, as long-term forces reasserted themselves after 1945, accident declined again. In addition, nearly all powerful labor unions, after the World War II, played an increasingly fundamental role in safety at workplace. There were also increasing injury rates that were brought about by the economic expansion during the 1960s. It is important to note that OSHA took pre-eminence once the Massachusetts as a state began the inspections of factories, after the industrial revolution. Laws were put in place to safeguard the state workers and ensure their safety in 1913, thus, they were ratified in the constitution. This implies that the employers were responsible for the injuries accrued by their employees during working hours. In subsequent years, in 1969, the Department of Mines and Minerals was effected to cover the employees a year before the whole industry was covered by the OSHA act. Due to this increase and the increasing political pressures, the Congress, in 1970, was forced
Sunday, July 28, 2019
Ethics and Employees Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
Ethics and Employees - Research Proposal Example There is also the general awareness that corporations have to look after all stakeholders that eventually curbs unethical practices. It has been concluded that leaders have a major role to play in creating conditions where the employees are not coerced into unethical practices that are in any case not acceptable by either the law or the society at large. The Objective of Business is to earn profits for its owners, the shareholders. But does it mean an open license for managers to serve their employers without regards to those who help them to achieve the profit motive they work for? Do ends justify means? Are there not other stakeholders; suppliers, employees, consumers and indeed the society which offers them the opportunity to work for profit? With ever present conflicts the managers need to perform a balancing act to satisfy all stakeholders. However the role of the employees is crucial in performance of their obligations, hence a special relationship is required to be developed. Without the trust of the employees and their involvement the business objectives cannot be achieved. Leaders at all level have to be conscious of the fact that they have to set examples of behaviour that will be emulated by their sub-ordinates. These actions have to in consonance with the company’s objective and at the same time have to be balanced right. This balancing is based on principles or ethics. It is becoming evident to business in America that ethical values need to be upheld and become institutionalized (Sims 1991) as this is the desired status by society in general. However the dilemma is squarely faced by the individual manager. He perceives his primary role to be looking after shareholder value (Vogel 1991) in preference to other stakeholders. Therefore they justify the moral result or implication of their unethical behaviour and
Saturday, July 27, 2019
Affects of Combat PTSD on Sexual Intimacy Research Paper
Affects of Combat PTSD on Sexual Intimacy - Research Paper Example The â€Å"suffering in silence†can never be studied and seen in the limelight until a pure study based on survey and facts is carried out. The main intention of the article is to have a deep insight into the problems many couples have to face because of the physical and emotional injuries of the home coming, apparently safe yet internally and emotionally damaged soldiers. The article will be compare and contrast two main studies in which different cases of  ‘posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) hit soldiers’ are discussed with studied facts and figures; then the results will be deduced based on the contextual analysis of the real time happenings and events. First source The first source is titled as â€Å"Sexual Functioning in War Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder†authored by Vesna Anticevic and Dolores Britvic published in August 2008, in Croatian medical journal, which is an open literary journal which invites the medics and health experts from all over the world to write experts reports and articles on diverse health related issues and their solutions. Croatian medical journal is fully indexed and reviewed by CC/CM, Index Medicus/MEDLINE, Biosis, Excerpta Medica and ExtraMED (Hrcak, 2011). The addressed article focuses on studying the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the war veterans that have come from different war zones. The goal of the study is to find out the ratio of the posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among the soldiers who stay away from their wives for a extended period of time and then return home after suffering many war injuries, emotional damages and brutal live imagery in their experiences in the war field. The method of study was observatory; one in which primarily a group of 101 war veterans with PTSD participated. The other group was 55 control volunteers which were healthy in the perspective of sexual functioning and mental stability receiving outpatient health care in different facultie s. The two groups were studied and observed under different supervisory committees of doctors and the observed results were documented later on (NCBI, 2008). During the study, different health determinants and variables were analyzed in order to deduce the results; for example the rate of masturbation, sexual inter-course, ratio of premature ejaculation, erectile dysfunctional problems, antidepressant intakes, sexual fantasies, sexual activities and mental participation of soldiers and volunteers in sex were analyzed and recorded. Based on close observation and keen analysis of the two groups, the results depicted that war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder had erectile dysfunction problems along with sexual inactivity and hypoactive sexual desires. On the other hand, these problems were present in a much depleted way in the control group which was of healthy control volunteers. Second Source The second article is titled as â€Å"DoD studies intimacy issues among combat ve ts†which focuses on the sexual activity problems with the war veterans. The intent of the report is to highlight the fact that the life of the soldiers who have come home safely after serving in the war zone is not always that easy as it might look apparently. The report illustrates the real story of different couples and how they have been facing different problems in bed and intimacy in the post war scenario. Many soldiers
Friday, July 26, 2019
By joining the European Union, the UK's doctrine of Parliamentary Essay
By joining the European Union, the UK's doctrine of Parliamentary Sovereignty has been considerably limited and changed, Discu - Essay Example The establishment of the European Union has weakened the traditional supremacy of the Parliament and affecting greatly the power sharing within the country. The current view of the powers of the Parliament is very different from the one that Dicey was talking about. Apart from the European Union, factors relating to the Human Rights Act of 1998 as well as the developments in the common law have greatly hampered the authority of the United Kingdom’s Parliamentary supremacy. The battle of supremacy has seen the parliament lose in some cases that were initially under its jurisdiction. In a case involving the oil giant, Trafigura and The Guardian newspaper in 2009, there was absolute non-adherence to the Bill of Rights as stipulated in the 1689 provision. The company was able to have the freedom of expression on parliamentary debates restricted to for several media platforms, The Guardian being one of them. This issue presented a test for parliamentary supremacy and its shakiness in the current forms. The fact that they were bent by a private organization brings situations where it is likely that they can bend several rules for specific interests courtesy of the provisions of the European Union Law. ... Another case that demonstrates the authority of the European Union over the United Kingdom Parliament was the one involving Van Gend En Loos3. The court ruled that â€Å"the member States have limited their sovereign rights, and albeit within limited fields, have created a body of law which binds both nationals and themselves†. This means that the country’s systems are inferior to those of the ones by the European Union. In its actual terms, the ruling provides that there is no law among the member sates that is capable of surpassing that of the European Union, the same applies to the institutions of the Union as opposed to those of the regional block. The law is becoming superior in diverse ways with several in-country as well as regional cases being given the European Union interpretation of the law. The European Community Act is a very important legal tool as far as the supremacy of the European Union is concerned. Passed in 1972, the law in section 2 has a provision requiring that all the preexisting statutes and the ones to be enacted must and should abide by the European Union Law, a situation that binds the United Kingdom Parliament to adherence with the directives of the law. This means that the Diceyian view of the supremacy of the Parliament is completely eroded, apart from being challenged by the successive parliaments; an Act of Parliament can be challenged by the European Law effectively. Section 3 of the 1972 Act provides that the decisions of the European Union Court of Justice binds all the tribunals and courts, this includes the United Kingdom’s parliament. Other treaties have been enacted crippling further the role of the United States Parliament, the most recent is the Treaty
Thursday, July 25, 2019
The effective steps for risk assessment to identify the risks Essay
The effective steps for risk assessment to identify the risks regarding the misstated data in the financial records - Essay Example The analytical procedures can be described as ‘evaluating the financial records by analyzing the credible relationship between the financial records and non-financial records’. It can be also included that ‘such analysis is mandatory to identify the difference or inconsistency of relevant data or the difference between provided data and the estimated values’ (ISA/HKSA 520(4)). The basic principle to apply the analytical procedures is the expected existence of the credible relationship may occur and the analytical procedures may carry on in such circumstances in the non-appearance of the opposite factors. Defining the purposes Auditors use analytical procedures in the entire audit course to achieve the three main purposes of audit: 1) Preliminary analytical review These are the introductory analytical reviews, which assist the auditors to get an idea about the business and industry. They can start with reviewing the previous financial records, performance of industry and the competitors. This will lead them to decide the nature of audit, the time period required and the level of analytical procedures. Basically, preliminary analytical reviews help to design the strategies and plans to conduct the audit. 2) Substantive analytical procedures Auditors can use the analytical procedures substantively. If the auditors feel that their analytical procedure can bring more accurate results rather than using different tests, so they usually reduce the level of tests to identify the misstated facts of the financial records. These procedures will be known as substantive analytical procedures. 3) Final analytical reviews Financial records are analyzed thoroughly by the auditors through analytical procedures, which lead the independent individuals towards th e outcomes whether records are accurate or in compliance with auditors’ understanding. So analytical procedures are applied finally to analyze the facts but these procedures are not executed to get hold of the extra substantive analysis. In such case, if auditors find any inconsistency in the records, they must repeat the risk assessment procedure and if they feel the need of extra analytical procedures, they can go for it. Substantive analytical procedures usage Acquiring the evidence of audit that must be reliable and appropriate is one of the basic points of analytical procedures. While applying the procedures of substantive analytics, auditors need to acquire the guarantee with the assistance of other auditing tools and controls. These tools and controls help the auditors to evaluate the results of different sections after applying analytical procedures. Such analytical procedures have ability to cover a wider range of transactions that is why procedures of substantive an alytics are normally used to analyze the financial records. As it is briefly told that the auditors apply substantive analytical procedures on the expected existence of the credible relationship between financial data and they may carry on this analytical procedure in case of non-appearance of contrary factors. The existence of relationship between the data provides the base of audit evidence that leads the auditors to
Joshua Bearmans story Art of the Steal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words
Joshua Bearmans story Art of the Steal - Essay Example This paper illustrates that Gerald Blanchard always prepared to make his heist by investigating flaws in the security system akin to an individual’s identification of dry leaves on a tree. Effectively, proper planning and a thorough investigation always ensured Gerald’s stealing activities were an enormous success. It is pertinent to note that, Gerald started his exploits at a young age. In this regard, he had managed to become a local criminal mastermind in his neighborhood while in high school. The story Art of the Steal elucidates the escalation of his sophistication based on his shrewdness in technology formed over time from an early age. Thus, the story gives his exploits from parachuting in, changing jewels secured by a weighted alarm, and many more intriguing stories including well-organized getaways. On the other hand, his flaunty nature was a contrast to a mastermind of some of the most sophisticated crimes committed. Eventually, this behavior eventually led to a mistake that led to his arrest and consequent sentencing whereby he served a jail term. Despite the book being about acts that are criminal in nature, there are many positive lessons that individuals can draw from Gerald’s epic tales and apply them in life. First, good cognitive skills are one of the factors that contributed to Gerald’s success during his exploits regardless of the security mechanisms in the places he targeted. Cognitive skills are crucial in our daily lives to make the decisions. For example, Gerald parachuted onto the roof of the Vienesse Castle on his way to steal the Sisi Star. During the tour of the castle, Gerald realized that â€Å"There was an armed guard stationed at every entrance and patrolling the halls but the roof was unguarded†. In this case, it would take an individual with a good perception, quick learning, and reasoning to formulate the only easy way to get into the castle. Evidently, Gerald had these important skills since he figured out the easy way to get into the building and carry out the heist was through parachuting onto the unguarded roof of the castle.
Wednesday, July 24, 2019
The topic can be proposed by the writer Movie Review - 2
The topic can be proposed by the writer - Movie Review Example voices of peasants, students, political prisoners, and revolutionaries as they seek to air their grievances after the death of Mao Zedung (Lyman Film). Numerous student movements and party crackdown at Tiananmen Square defined resistance against the values of communism in China during this period. The film shows the dramatic flowering of the arts by campus students. Moreover, the civil movements resisted the inefficiencies of the Cultural Revolution and advocated for democratic reforms (Lyman Film). Clearly, the film defines China under Deng Xiaoping’s leadership. According to the film, China experienced fundamental economic and social changes within a controlled political environment established by the Communist party (Lyman Film). The Chinese government allowed its citizens to present their grievances but suppressed their quest to criticize the Communist Party. Moreover, China made peace with the Soviet Union when Mikhail Gorbachev visited Beijing (Lyman Film). The film adopts a clear footage, pictures, and references to the Chinese citizens who drove and witnessed the transformation. The radical redistribution of communal land and the definition of China as a special economic zone reflected the transformation in China. The film shows how China began to attract foreign direct investments from Japan and Hong Kong defining its economic transformation. The film shows the signing of an agreement by British and Chinese leaders that implied Chinese dominance over Hong Kong ( Lyman Film). Ideally, the film is the third part of a â€Å"China: A Century of Revolution†trilogy. Indeed, just like the previous parts of this trilogy, the film, â€Å"3 Born under the Red Flag 1976 1997†runs for 120 minutes (Lyman Film). The film defines a unique economic transformation of a nation. Indeed, it depicts modern China’s epic journey that defined its pursuit of economic growth and political control under the Communist Party. The narration introduces first hand experiences of the
Tuesday, July 23, 2019
Space Tourism Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Space Tourism - Term Paper Example This cannot be ignored. Businessmen and government must come together and work out a technology that will lessen the carbon emission and also design a program for these space tourism companies to offset the carbon they are emitting. There is an unspoken mantra in technological space: build it and they will come (Taylor, 2006). For years, technological companies spend billions of dollars on research and development of new products and services with no clear market. It’s a risky move but one that almost always pays off. That, in essence, is the business principle followed by space tourism. Vienna has expressed plans on building a spaceport in Asia, Singapore and United Arab Emirate. It will tap Russia in building five space crafts to shoot man into space. Building it will cost anywhere between $115 million to $265 million to build (Malik 2008). The numbers, obviously, are big risks and the obvious concern is whether it is worth pursuing. This paper will examine space tourism from three angles: economic, environmental and cultural. Specifically, this paper will answer the following questions: A qualitative method will be used to collect information about the topic. Published articles, news articles, and published statements will be the main references to analyse the economic, environmental, cultural and educational potential and impact of space tourism. Figures on the target market and potential revenue will be gathered and analysed. The same procedure will be applied to environmental impact. Several studies have already been done that quantifies who space tourism’s economic potential will impact the environment. These numbers will be collected and interpreted. The first space tourist went to space in April 2001. Dennis Tito paid $35 million for the experience of seeing Earth from the space. Since then, only seven people
Monday, July 22, 2019
Self introduction Essay Example for Free
Self introduction Essay Everyone has his characters to lead him to success. In other words, characters such as cheerful are unique and these are the factors to make them achieving their goal. In my case, I am stubborn to do anything, including my study even playing basketball. In my secondary school life, my teacher told me that I was headstrong and enlarged the unhappiness to make my emotion in trouble. I just realize what he told me before when I faced my HKAL exam but I find that this character can guide me to reach my goal. To get in University, I spent so much time on it and I encounter many problems and failures, especially in English. However, obstinacy helps me to tackle with the problems and finally I achieve my aim. I kept spending over 10 hours every day around a year to prepare my HKAL exam when I was form 7 student. I expected I can get a good result in the exam but unfortunately I was fail in my UE subject. This made me to be disappointed and helpless because the HKAL exam was replaced by the DSE exam. It means that there are no second chances for HKAL candidates to retake the exam and they have to seek other ways to continue their studies. Without any option, associate degree is my only way to reach my goal and I planned to spend a year to obtain a degree offer. Finally, the dream comes true and I can major in my favourite subject. Obstinacy causes me to keep chasing my goal even I faced many problems and failures. Sometime it motivates a person to keep moving on and achieve success. However, stubborn character makes my emotion in trouble duo to the enlargement of the sadness. I always recall the unhappiness and enlarge it by my imagination. In fact the issues may not be that negative as I think and I am not willing to seek any help. My mental health is suffered by this character and I have to learn to deal with it. Over insisting on my point also is one of my drawbacks. Sometimes when I discuss or work with others to make a consensus, I take a firm stand on my view and do not want to consider the others’ ideas. Thus the teamwork and morale are damaged by the conflicts Even I am suffered by the obstinate character, it practices me to be tough to cope with problems. It also benefits my future career in education. I can share my experience about how to face the failures to encourage students to pursue their goal. Also obstinacy can help me to tackle with the problems as I faced before. Obstinacy is not just a negative impact for a person. For me, it also motivates me to move on and helps me to reach my goal.
Sunday, July 21, 2019
Advantages of On The Job Training
Advantages of On The Job Training This paper discusses an important topic of human resource management and that is training of the employees. This caries great importance as it serves twin purposes which are that it helps in the career development of individuals and simultaneously is really healthy for the growth of an organization. First of all training is defined with preciseness yet with clarity. Then an overview is given about the need, importance and finally the sequence of events followed during the process of training. An exceptional stress is laid upon the evaluation of the training that has been given to the employees to measure its effectiveness. Later in the paper on-the-job training, the most popular method of training is discussed in detail. This method of training is critically analyzed also arguing for and against for the use of this technique in most organizations for training employees. By keeping the entire debate in focus finally the paper concludes that, by following a simple system, managers responsible for on-the-job training can greatly improve the effectiveness of their training efforts. TRAINING Training is the process of increasing the knowledge and skills for doing a particular job. It is an structured method by which people acquire knowledge and skills for a definite purpose. It basically bridges gap between job requirement and present competence of an employee. Need of Training Training is required on account of the following reasons: Job requirement: Employee selected for a job might lack the qualifications required to perform the job effectiveness. Technological changes: Technology is changing very fast. Now automation and mechanization have are being increasingly applied. Organization viability: In order to survive and grow an organization must continually adopt itself to the changing environment. Internal mobility: Training becomes necessary when an employee moves from one job to another due to promotion and transfer. Importance of Training Training is the process of imparting knowledge, skills and aptitude to perform desired job. A well planned and well executed training program can provide the following advantages: It helps in improving the level of performance and hence results in higher productivity. Uniformity of work methods and procedures helps to improve the quality of product or service A systematic training program reduces the cost and time drawn in learning. Good training helps in economical use of materials and machinery. It reduces supervision. It lowers the rate of accidents. It boosts the morale of employees to perform the task/job efficiently. Process of Training Identifying training needs: Process of training starts with identifying the need of training. Training objectives: the next step is to set training objectives in concrete terms and to decide the strategies to be adopted to achieve these objectives. Designing training program: An appropriate training policy is very important to meet the objectives. It consists of rules and procedures concerning training. Imparting training: Here employees are given training as per their requirements. Evaluating: Here the effectiveness of training is evaluated. Assessment of the usefulness of training is done to make sure that it is gainful, to identify needs to modify what is being provided, to discover new needs and redefine priorities and most importantly to ensure that the objectives of the exercise are being met. There are various methods employers use to actually deliver the training. The most popular method is on-the-job training. ON THE JOB TRAINING On-the-job training (OJT) is one of the paramount training methods because it is planned, organized, and conducted at the employees workplace. On-the-job training is usually the principal method used for augmenting employee skills and escalating output and efficiency. It is mainly suitable for developing expertise distinctive to an employees job, chiefly those positions whose work is relatively easy to learn and require locally-owned equipment and facilities. Self-esteem, high yield, and professionalism are always high in those organizations that employ a logical and reasonable on-the-job training program. On analyzing the most important requirements that are highlighted in job descriptions and specifications form the basis for setting up an on-the-job training plan. To be most effective, an on-the-job training plan should include: The area under discussion; Allocation of time to it each day; anticipated closing date; and Evaluation will be conducted in what manner. A coach should be assigned to each employee involved in on-the-job training to make it successful. All coaches are accountable and responsible for carefully planning the training and also conducting it effectively. On-the-job training is one of numerous ways by which a company might opt to impart the knowledge and skills its employees require. Every company has its own employment needs. These are dependant on the size of the company, diverse skills and information necessary to carry out particular jobs. Companies use a mixture of strategies to have a labor force which has the essential job training. This helps them to carry out all the required job functions. Structured academic learning or vocational training is the few methods usually used. On-the-job training inevitably forms some part of all teaching programs, no matter which of the tactic is used to train the employees. It is said that on the job training is an important example of an investment in human capital. Like any other investment it has initial costs and returns to these expenditures occur in future periods. These future returns are measured by increased productivity of the worker during subsequent periods of employment. (Baron.J., 1997, On the Job Training, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research. Kalamazoo, MI.) ON THE JOB TRAINING ADVANTAGES Conducting training in an external environment is being avoided by many companies. An inclination towards training employees within their own working environment can be seen clearly. This way they use those tools and equipment which they will be using in future to carry out their specific role in the organization. This preference is proved by Walter who introduced the Task analytical training system (TATS) model is a performance-based approach to develop, implement, and evaluate a structured on-the-job training program that can be applied to a variety of manufacturing settings. (1996, October, pg:1) The employee is given specific job training and they practice under the administration of more qualified staff. This way they gain confidence in their work. The trainer directs them how to perform the task appropriately and gives feedback immediately by pointing out any errors. This allows a new trainee to be incorporated simply and quickly into the company, in addition to the job training being modified to distinctively suit the needs of the company. Furthermore, on-the-job training makes sure that the employee is actually working as it is learning. This leads them to being further dynamic and proficient. From a financial perspective, for the company its a very cost effective method of imparting knowledge and skills that are according to the companys wants. ON THE JOB TRAINING DISADVANTAGES On-the-job training isnt always as effectual as it should be. There are many reasons to it. Firstly, its not sufficient that the employee just passes on the skills and knowledge required for the particular job. A major fact is that teaching and training is also a skill which people should have to be qualified. If they are not and are still giving training to the workforce, then this will be ill-planned and would be delivered in a way that will confuse the trainee. He wont be able to grasp the concepts, therefore revealing the poor standard of the training. To both the company and to the trainee themselves this will be counter-productive. Often, on the job training is given in a hasty manner, so that employees start working up to the mark early and to save companys money. This also does not give time to the trainer to establish the skills injected in plus doesnt allow sufficient time for feedback. Consequently on the job training turns into a waste of time. One of the pivotal mistakes a trainer can make is trying to get too much information absorbed in a short period of time. One aspect should be kept in mind that trainees are going to take long time to be able to perform the tasks as the company expects. The trainers can do the job blindfolded because this also has come due to many years of experience and unending hard work. If a company brings in an external trainer who is well equipped with all necessary tools but is completely unfamiliar with the companys operations and equipment then it has made a big mistake. Though from a financial point of view it might be cost effective but external hiring isnt always necessarily helpful. An external trainer sometimes hands over bad habits to the trainee without realizing what they are doing. This should be avoided by strict vigilance. CONCLUSION So all that we have found out by this research is, that training is an essential part of human resource management. Moreover, on-the-job training is the best method as it is economical, simple and effective and everybody can do it. It doesnt need wide-ranging budgets, complex training courses, devoted training staffs or absence from the workplace. Its effectiveness can be significantly enhanced by applying a methodical approach. Importantly, each on-the-job model has its own merits and weaknesses but they all serve the same purpose of providing the trainees with the opportunity to practice and learn by doing. If all I do is hear, I will forget If I hear and see, I will remember If I hear, see and do, I will understand. (Confucius,. 2005, April 17)
Approaches to Research Methodology
Approaches to Research Methodology RESEARCH METHODOLOGY INTRODUCTION This section will explain the concept of research methodology, including an outline on the main methodological approaches and philosophies that exist; following this, the research strategies that will serve to address the objectives of this research topic will be explained. According to Saunders et al. (2009), three characteristics exist for carrying out research: Systematic collection of data. Systematic interpretation of data. A clear reason for investigation exists. Therefore, individuals generally undertake research because they want discover new things in a systematic manner, and hence expand their knowledge about a particular subject. Research in the business and management field is crucial as it serves to provide solutions to problems that exist in businesses. There are particular qualities that are required for carrying out good research including good communication, intellectual, organizational and IT skills. The researcher may already have these skills, or may need to develop them over the course of the research (Collins and Hussey, 2003). Research methodology is the process used to provide solutions to research problems in a systematic manner (Kumar, 2008). It is multidimensional and is the rationality behind the research methods chosen for the investigation. Research methodology provides the platform for the researcher to explain and evaluate the research strategies implemented. APPROACHES TO METHODOLOGY One can choose to take either a deductive or an inductive approach to undertaking research, both of which would influence the manner information and results are collected and distributed. The deductive approach to research involves developing a theory based on knowledge and understanding which is already in place, therefore is scrutinised and faces the risk of being unaccepted. Whereas the inductive approach begins with data collection followed by analysis of results and forming conclusions and theories based on the results (Saunder et al, 2009). In this kind of research approach, the flow of processes begins with observation and ends with findings and forming theories, which can be further integrated into knowledge that already exists. From this, it is planned that this current research will undertake an inductive approach, which will first involve data gathering, and following analysis, form conclusions as to how to enhance the management of information systems in NHS hospitals. In research methodology, research can be undertaken over two different time periods, using a cross-sectional or longitudinal method for data collection. Cross-sectional relates to research carried out and is based on the current time and place. Longitudinal, on the other hand, concerns research carried out over a certain long period of time (Kumar, 2008). Judging from the topic area and the time constraints, this research will adopt a cross-sectional style. RESEARCH PHILOSOPHIES According to Saunders et al. (2009), there are three main categories of research philosophies, which are positivism, interperpretivism and realism: Positivism this assumes that knowledge has a free value and is directly gained from experience. An important aspect of this viewpoint is that research is carried out in an independent and objective manner away from any kind of influences, and is based on quantitative data from the utilisation of a structured methodology. Interpretivism this adopts a naturalist approach which places emphasisim on social constructionism and focuses on the underlying multiple social structures of knowledge. It is concerned with the attitudes of research subjects and views on the world. This type of philosophy supports the adoption of certain research techniques such as observation and interviews which in turn would enable to gain knowledge from different perspectives. Realism this is similar to the positivist theory, as it also adopts a scientific approach to the concept of knowledge development. It argues that a reality exists independent of the human mind, and that there are certain social forces that influence their behaviours and interpretations; therefore the intention of such approach is to be aware and understand these social forces. Collis and Hussey (2003) state that the choice of research philosophy to adopt largely depends on the nature of the research, therefore there is no ‘correct strategy. Having defined the three main philosophies, it is clear that one would be able to incorporate the three of them into one research strategy. However, the philosophy that will be adopted for this research is the realist approach, which is essentially a combination of the positivism and interpretivism philosophies. This would involve the collection, interpretation and analysis of data, and establishing any social processes that might influence the behavior and actions of individuals. RESEARCH STRATEGIES In order to address the objectives of the research topic, one has to implement certain research strategies that will enable the collection of the necessary data. Numerous research strategies are available including experiment, case study, survey, grounded theory, action research, ethnography and archival research (Saunders et al., 2009). The choice of the research strategy must take into consideration certain important aspects about the research topic, including the research questions and objectives, existing knowledge about the topic, the amount of time available and also the availability of other useful sources (Saunders et al., 2009). PRIMARY RESEARCH This involves the use of different techniques to collect current information. This is an important way to gain an insight into the research topic and it enables the addition of certain information and ideas to the available literature surrounding the topic. This is done using a variety of methods, as illustrated below: SECONDARY RESEARCH This involves collecting relevant information relating to information systems in the NHS, including details about their roles, impacts and management, with particular reference to the London Ambulance Computer Aided Dispatch system. This requires the review and examination of a number of materials including journals, books, the internet and newspapers. The researcher will undertake both primary and secondary research to thoroughly investigate the research topic. For primary research, the case study strategy will be chosen as the research strategy for this study, which is explained in more detail as follows. CASE STUDY STRATEGY Given the nature of the research topic, a case study has been chosen as the research strategy to be implemented in this research. According to Robson (2002), a case study enables the researcher to focus on a specific situation and explore a single phenomenon, by collection of data using a variety of methods. This research strategy has the ability to provide answers for the ‘why?, ‘what and ‘how? questions (Saunders et al, 2009), and it will enable the researcher to gain a thorough understanding of the chosen topic area. RESEARCH METHODS For the purpose of this research topic, both qualitative and quantitiative measures will be used for collection and analysis of data. The research methods chosen will be in the form of questionnaires and interviews. Questionnaires are an effective technique of collecting data in which individuals are asked to answer a pre-set list of questions in a specified order (Creswell, 1994). The questionnaire will be structured, predetermined and standardised; it will contain a mixture of closed and open-ended questions that will serve to address the research objectives. An advantage of using such research method is that it enables access to a great number of people over a large area. Furthermore, a questionnaire is a reliable research method as the questions are structured and predetermined, which means that they cannot be altered and consequently minimizing bias. However, at the same time, this structured approach will also mean that respondents are unable to answer freely and expand on thei r responses. Additionally, there is the potential of a threat to validity as respondents may not understand the question clearly and therefore give an answer to a question which is not intended by the researcher. Still, however, it is important to ensure that the questionnaire is well-constructed and easy to follow; because one needs to ensure a good response rate from the sampled population which is essential for gaining accurate information that would be helpful for the research. The second research method that will be used is a semi-structured interview. This will be carried out face to face with certain staff members working for the NHS, such as hospital managers and paramedics. The aim of the semi-structured interviews is to provide more focus on the research topic by gaining reliable information from key staff members who are familiar with the topic area, and hence generate valuable information for the research. The semi-structured approach to questioning will enable the researcher to alter the style of questions appropriately depending on the individual being interviewed. Therefore, interviews provide greater flexibility compared to questionnaires, and are a relatively better tool in ensuring higher response rates. Nevertheless, both of the research methods when combined will enable the researcher to explore the complexity and gain valuable insight into the research area. For the purposes of this research, a specific sampling method will be utilised, in which the researcher will select key people to include in the research study provided that those chosen can offer relevant information related to the topic; a technique called ‘purposive sampling (Saunders et al., 2009). The sample will be selected from three Northwest NHS Foundation Trusts, including St. Marys hospital, Chelsea and Westminister hospital and Hammersmith hospital. The key staff who will be included are hospital managers, paramedics, doctors and nurses. The researcher will aim for a combined sample size of 70 individuals based on questionnaires and interviews. ETHICAL ISSUES The main ethical considerations that must be acknowledged by the researcher when conducting the methods for data collection are centered on the periods of gaining access to the hospitals and interviewing the staff. The researcher will need to respect certain ethical values such as the anonymity, confidentiality and personal privacy of the person being interviewed when collecting information during interviews. Moreover, the researcher must obviously gain an informed consent from every person prior to starting the interview or handing over the questionnaire. SUMMARY In summary, this research of management of information systems in the NHS will assume an inductive and realist approach, to be implemented in a cross-sectional method, using a case study strategy employing both semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. In addition, secondary research will be undertaken in order assist in addressing the research objectives.
Saturday, July 20, 2019
Analysis of The Lost World by Michael Crichton Essay -- The Lost World
Analysis of The Lost World by Michael Crichton Michael Crichton's novel, The Lost World began with the exposition of a character who is infamous to Crichton's work, Ian Malcom. The entire introduction and prologue is about Malcom and his scientific views and theories. In a section of the book called 'Hypothesis';, Malcom discusses a theory of 'lost worlds'; - areas in which extinct beings may live, with Richard Levine, a man who's ideas were totally different from Malcoms. Levine and Malcom discuss a possible journey to an island that is suspected to be one of the so-called 'lost worlds';. At first, Malcom is reluctant and thinks that the idea is stupid. After much coaxing, Malcom agrees to go. Levine arrives on the island first, after a lot of useless chatter and talk and the introduction of two young characters, Arby and Kelley, who are students of Levine's and sometimes run errands for him. Almost immediately after they arrive, Levine and his assistant, Diego, begin to search for clues to what the science community calls 'aberrant forms';, which many people have spotted but have been unable to identify. They come to a stream bed, where they are attacked by a group of unidentifiable animals. They capture and kill Diego, and Levine is nearly killed. Malcom and his team of field researchers finally make it to the island - and Arby and Kelley stow away in one of the many high-tech trailers that they had taken on their expedition. After the first day or so goes smoothly, chaos breaks out. When three men, Dodgson, King, and Basselton decide to go to the island, thinking that no one has been there. They plan on stealing the dinosaur eggs and breeding them. In doing so, they cause a ruckus on the island, and the dinosaurs begin to lose their patience. They go on a killing spree, which is graphically described by Critchton as well as nearly killing Arby. The climax of the story comes when Malcom and Sarah Harding (one of his associates) get trapped in a trailer that is about to tumble off the ledge of a cliff. Luckily for them, they are saved by another of their colleagues, named Richard Thorn, saves them by using Dodgson's jeep (which they had thought was broken down, AND after they thought all three of the egg thieves were dead) and ties a rope to the trailer and miraculously saves them. The story isn't over yet, though. The group mi... ... putting together trailers for their expedition and they tell the boss that they are too weak and something could happen, but the boss ignores thim. It's so obvious, but it is foreshadowing. Also, another classic example of foreshadowing from the Jurassic Park series is the shaking and rumbling of the ground then a calm for a second or two before the t-rex attacks. Once again, obvious, but it's still an example of foreshadowing. All in all, this book was good even though I do not enjoy reading. Despite many things that I thought could have been clarified and in a lot of instances, were so dumb that they insulted me, I was entertained by the book. It had a little bit of everything†¦Mind games, action, gore and death, and what I thought was the best part of the entire book†¦Great characters. Between the most important characters, such as Malcom, to the lower-status ones such as Sarah Harding, or even Kelley and Arby's parents, who never actually appear†¦All of them were greatly put together. I might not be able to recommend this book to you if you are reading for pleasure, but if there was one book that you absolutely had to read, Michael Crichton's The Lost World has to be it.
Friday, July 19, 2019
Female Discrimination in Intercollegiate Sports :: Athletics Feminism Essays
Female Discrimination in Intercollegiate Sports Through the history of human kind, there are evidences that females were excluded from almost everything, including sports. For example, in Greece there are evidences in the form of paintings and sculpture indicating that only males were allowed to participate in sports. Females were absent from these pictures because they were â€Å"unable†to play sports. Females were considered too fragile to play, too weak to stand up to the challenge; their definition of female was a â€Å"home wife.†They could not imagine female wrestling, fighting or participating in other sports because of their ideas of â€Å"women†as weak. This â€Å"image†of female as not being able to play sports was held through centuries until the twentieth century when the â€Å"Revolution†began to bring equality to females. Moreover, this â€Å"image†had bad effects on females’ lives, especially on female athletes, who were not wanted in sports because sports were only for males. Because females were not wanted, colleges and universities tried not to take female athletes and did not give female athletic scholarships. It resulted in decline of participation of females in sports. Females finally had enough of being treated as less than males and receiving smaller funds for athletic scholarships. Around the 1950’s, females started to protest against this unequal treatment in education, sports, and scholarship programs. They had to fight hard to receive any attention at all. In 1972, they were finally heard. Congress had enacted a new law, adding to the Educational Amendment Act, called Title IX. â€Å"Title IX of the Educational Amendment Act of 1972 prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any educational programs receiving federal financial assistance†(Kovacs 36). It states: No person in the United States Shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participating in, be denied the benefits of, or subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. (Title IX and Sex Discrimination) â€Å"Athletic are considered an integral part of an institution’s education program and are therefore covered by this law†(Equal Opportunities in Intercollegiate Athletics). Colleges and universities are required to provide opportunities for scholarships to both sexes. Those scholarships must be distributed proportionally to the rate of each sex. This does not mean that the number or amount of the scholarships has to be equal. However, the total amount must be substantially proportionate to the participation rates in athletic programs. Female Discrimination in Intercollegiate Sports :: Athletics Feminism Essays Female Discrimination in Intercollegiate Sports Through the history of human kind, there are evidences that females were excluded from almost everything, including sports. For example, in Greece there are evidences in the form of paintings and sculpture indicating that only males were allowed to participate in sports. Females were absent from these pictures because they were â€Å"unable†to play sports. Females were considered too fragile to play, too weak to stand up to the challenge; their definition of female was a â€Å"home wife.†They could not imagine female wrestling, fighting or participating in other sports because of their ideas of â€Å"women†as weak. This â€Å"image†of female as not being able to play sports was held through centuries until the twentieth century when the â€Å"Revolution†began to bring equality to females. Moreover, this â€Å"image†had bad effects on females’ lives, especially on female athletes, who were not wanted in sports because sports were only for males. Because females were not wanted, colleges and universities tried not to take female athletes and did not give female athletic scholarships. It resulted in decline of participation of females in sports. Females finally had enough of being treated as less than males and receiving smaller funds for athletic scholarships. Around the 1950’s, females started to protest against this unequal treatment in education, sports, and scholarship programs. They had to fight hard to receive any attention at all. In 1972, they were finally heard. Congress had enacted a new law, adding to the Educational Amendment Act, called Title IX. â€Å"Title IX of the Educational Amendment Act of 1972 prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any educational programs receiving federal financial assistance†(Kovacs 36). It states: No person in the United States Shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participating in, be denied the benefits of, or subjected to discrimination under any educational program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. (Title IX and Sex Discrimination) â€Å"Athletic are considered an integral part of an institution’s education program and are therefore covered by this law†(Equal Opportunities in Intercollegiate Athletics). Colleges and universities are required to provide opportunities for scholarships to both sexes. Those scholarships must be distributed proportionally to the rate of each sex. This does not mean that the number or amount of the scholarships has to be equal. However, the total amount must be substantially proportionate to the participation rates in athletic programs.
Thursday, July 18, 2019
Atenolol: The Medication for High Blood Pressure :: essays research papers
Atenolol is a nationally known, commonly used medication that has helped to change the lives of many people in America. Atenolol, also known as Tenormin, is placed in a group of remedies known as beta-blocker. As a Beta-blocker, Atenolol is used to treat a range of bodily disorders in connection with anxiety and tension, such as high blood pressure, angina, irregular heart rhythms, migraines, prevention of a second heart attack, tremors, alcohol withdrawal, anxiety, and glaucoma. The three main malfunctions atenelol is used for are alcohol withdrawal, anxiety disorders, and cardiac disorders.      Dealing with alcohol withdrawal, Atenolol can be used as an addition to tradition alcohol withdrawal treatment to help make the results more effective. In relation to anxiety disorders, atenolol is usually used in small stress reactions, minor panic disorders, and generalized anxiety syndrome. Results are most easily obtainable in patients who have bodily anxiety, as opposed to the mind, and helps reduce trembling and rapid heart beat. Atenolol also had a large affect on cardiac illnesses. In the most common, angina pectoris, atenolol is used to decrease the amount of repeated attacks and to prevent any immediate death. Atenolol is best effective on middle-aged or teenagers, and to those with high blood pressure and heart rate as a result of exercise. The other major heart sickness is congestive heart failure. Giving Atnolol to a person with congestive heart failure must be taken with much care and precauution. One should start with low doses at first, and as time passes, increase the intake gradually. Overall, it affects the heart and circulatory system to either lessen the effect of or prevent any type of cardiovascular illness that may cause serious and/or permanent damage to the body. But how exactly does the medication work?      Let’s begin with the structure. The structure of Atenolol is as follows: its chemical formula is C14H22N2O3, its relative molecular mass is 266.3g, and its chemical name is (RS)-4-(2-hydroxy-3-isopropylaminopropoxy)phenylacetamide. The physical appearance of the drug itself is a white colored powder that is odorless. The way atenolol, as well as other beta-blockers, work, is that they affect the different beta-recptors located within the human body. Every human has a certain number of beta-receptors located throughout the body, in places such as the heart, lungs, brain, etc. When a person takes a dose of atenolol, it reacts with the beta-receptors to either calm anxiety or treat blood pressure, without altering a person’s actions.
Francis King “Making It All Rightâ€Â
The text â€Å"Making it all right†by Francis King is written in a style of fiction. This extract is about how Mary and her husband Bob were admiring their screen, which was picked up in a little junkshop, and how they had it remounted. So at the beginning of the text we see Bob, Mary and Diana friendly speaking about their friend Iris, whom they were going to make a call. Suddenly their attention was attracted by Diana Lucas, who began to edge a six-panel gold screen out from the wall. And they saw the filth behind it. During this Bob was sitting and staring at the Chinese silk carpet.The author describe him as a big and clumsy chap using such epithet â€Å"clumsy hands†. But Bob wasn’t going to grumble about her and he’s been with her twelve years. And he really appreciated in her the thing that she was a good cook and to show it the author uses the epithet â€Å"a lovely cook†. The clich? â€Å"on a good day†is used to show that they did not care very much about that carpet. After all they decided to call her but they did not know whether would be suitable. Besides she was on her own and seemed â€Å"utterly lost†, this metonymy which describes her in a very bad condition.But then Diana fidgeted with the screen and their attention again was attracted by the beauty of it. To show their admiration the author uses the proverb â€Å"The gold alone is worth a fortune†. And at the end of the text we can see the remembering of that how they picked up it in a small junkshop and how it had been remounted by a little man – a real artist. After that they anyway decided to put through that call. To my mind the idea of the story is that sometimes it is possible to remount thing which are in ghastly condition.
Wednesday, July 17, 2019
Mr. Omijie Famous
A Brief register of School focussing and Counseling in the United States The history of naturalize counselor-at-law form in ally started at the lift of the twentieth century, although a case can be made for tracing the foundations of commission and discuss principles to ancient Greece and Rome with the philosophical teachings of Plato and Aristotle. at that place is also evidence to argue that rough of the techniques and skills of modern-day counsel counselors were practiced by Catholic priests in the Middle Ages, as can be seen by the committal to the concept of confidentiality within the confessional.Near the end of the one-sixteenth century, one of the first texts about travel options appeared The Universal Plaza of All the Professions of the World, (1626) scripted by Tomaso Garzoni. Nevertheless, formal instruction programs suppuration specialized textbooks did not start until the turn of the twentieth century. The factors leading to the development of guidance a nd counseling in the United States began in the 1890s with the friendly reform movement. The difficulties of bulk living in urban slums and the far-flung use of child labor scandalize umteen an(prenominal).One of the consequences was the compulsory command movement and currently there later on the vocational guidance movement, which, in its previous(predicate) days, was concerned with guiding tribe into the workforce to become productive members of society. The social and political reformer Frank Parsons is oft ms credited with cosmos the father of the vocational guidance movement. His work with the Civic attend to House light-emitting diode to the development of the capital of Massachusetts business Bureau. In 1909 the capital of Massachusetts Vocation Bureau helped outline a arrangement of vocational guidance in the Boston public enlightenings.The work of the bureau influenced the conduct for and the use of vocational guidance some(prenominal) in the United States and separate countries. By 1918 there were documented accounts of the bureaus influence as far away as Uruguay and China. counsellor and counseling in these wee age were considered to be mostly vocational in nature, but as the profession advance(a) other personal concerns became recess of the work counselors agenda. The United States entry into World state of war I brought the need for assessment of handsome groups of draftees, in large part to make appropriate pile for leadership positions.These early psychological assessments performed on large groups of people were quickly identified as beingness valuable tools to be used in the procreational system, thus beginning the similar testing movement that in the early twenty-first century is still a strong aspect of U. S. public fostering. At the same clock, vocational guidance was dispersion throughout the country, so that by 1918 more than than than 900 high schools had some type of vocational guidance system.In 191 3 the National Vocational Guidance Association was formed and helped legitimize and improver the number of guidance counselors. Early vocational guidance counselors were often teachers appointed to stick out the extra duties of the position in addition to their regular teaching responsibilities. The 1920s and thirty-something saw an expansion of counseling roles beyond working only with vocational concerns. Social, personal, and educational aspects of a students life also need attention. The Great Depression of the 1930s led to the restriction of specie for counseling programs.Not until 1938, after a recommendation from a presidential committee and the passage of the George Dean coiffure, which provided funds directly for the purposes of vocational guidance counseling, did guidance counselors start to see an increase in support for their work. After World warfare II a strong stylus away from testing appeared. One of the main persons indirectly responsible for this shift was the American psychologist Carl Rogers. Many in the counseling empyrean adopted his emphasis on nondirective (later called client-centered) counseling.Rogers print Counseling and Psychotherapy in 1942 and Client-Centered Therapy in 1951. These two works delimitate a new counseling theory in complete contrast to previous theories in psychology and counseling. This new theory decrease counselor advice-giving and stressed the creation of conditions that left field the client more in secure of the counseling content. In 1958 the National confession instruction Act (NDEA) was enacted, providing aid to education in the United States at all levels, public and private.Instituted primarily to stimulate the development of education in science, mathematics, and modern strange languages, NDEA also provided aid in other areas, including technical education, area studies, geography, English as a second language, counseling and guidance, school libraries, and educational media centers. Fu rther support for school counseling was spurred by the Soviet Unions entry of Sputnik and fears that other countries were outperforming the United States in the field of mathematics and science.Hence, by providing appropriate reinforcement for education, including guidance and counseling, it was thought that more students would discovery their way into the sciences. Additionally, in the 1950s the American School Counselor Association (ASCA) was formed, furthering the master copy identity of the school counselor. The work of C. gigabyte Wrenn, including his 1962 book The Counselor in a Changing World, brought to light the need for more cultural sensitivity on the part of school counselors.The 1960s also brought many more counseling theories to the field, including Frederick Perls gestalt therapy, William Glassers reality therapy, Abraham Maslow and Rollo Mays existential approach, and John Krumboltzs behavioral counseling approach. It was during this time that legislative suppor t and an amendment to the NDEA provided funds for knowledge and hiring school counselors with an elementary emphasis. In the mid-seventies the school counselor was beginning to be defined as part of a larger program, as opposed to being the entire program.There was an emphasis on right of services provided by school counselors and the benefits that could be obtained with structured evaluations. This decade also gave raising to the special education movement. The educational and counseling needs of students with disabilities was addressed with the passage of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act in 1975. The 1980s saw the development of education standards and criteria for school counseling. This was also a time of more intense evaluation of education as a whole and counseling programs in particular.In order for schools to provide sufficient educational opportunities for individuals with disabilities, school counselors were trained to accommodate the educational envir onment to student needs. The duties and roles of many counselors began to change considerably. Counselors started finding themselves as gatekeepers to secern Education Programs (IEP) and Student Study Teams (SST) as well as consultants to special education teachers, especially after passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990.The development of home(a) educational standards and the school reform movement of the nineties ignored school counseling as an integral part of a students educational development. The ASCA compensated partially with the development of national standards for school counseling programs. These standards clearly defined the roles and responsibilities of school counseling programs and showed the necessity of school counseling for the overall educational development of every student. Major Roles and Functions for School Counselors
Tuesday, July 16, 2019
Marketing Plan: Product and Performance Essay
Marketing Plan: Product and Performance Essay
Executive SummaryMobility, latest trends and technologies are three most significant factors that customer seek today when they walk-in in an electronic item’s outlet. Years before the journey of technology started out from the calculator the most basic computer as we call it. Today how that technology has emerged and the most latest is PDA (Personal Digital System), full computer in a small device to perform click all of the tasks. New Nokia Mobile phone has all the features of a desktop computer, no need of a laptop.You get your product to begin with.The english major source in use during cricket matches, exercising in the morning and during traveling for work or school. 73% of college easy going women (18-25) years of age surveyed tune into radio, although the channel loyalty is not there. The most frequent listening occurs after dinner time.This is different from male portable radio listeners as the FM channels are replacing cassettes as a music source while driving, o ther survey shows that second one of the popular source of music are the FM stations, FM 89, 91 and 106.Finding the demographics of your target marketplace will permit you to good tailor the launch strategy to the folks.
180 million), 16.667% of Pakistanis are young. Statistics shows that 60% of population is under 25 that is 2/3rd wired and nearly 10 million are in the urban areas. GEN X and GEN Y is the most experienced and accessed generation in the human history.A merchandise is a new product procured or produced by the business to meet with the requirements of the customer.Our Secondary objective is to make good profits and make few more products like this with working hand in hand with the fashion and our way would be walking extract from earrings to necklaces, bracelets and other fashion accessories.Marketing ResearchMethods of Data collection:Basically there are two methods of data collection:1) Primary Data2) Secondary DataPrimary Data Collection:Primary available Data is that data which is collected specifically for the project at hand. The primary data for our assignment resulted from the unstructured interviews that we conducted from different many friends and family members and also many strangers.Secondary Data Collection:Secondary Data is that data, which has already been collected for some other purpose but can be used as reference material.The aim is getting your product into the industry although delivery methods vary widely based on the product.
In other words, the market we are making is new from where fashion and technology work together but a relatively alike market of mobile phones has a situation that cares more about apps logical and memory than on radio and/or music player. So, we are going to come in with focus on music players and radios deeds that would even make consumers look different by the fashion of earring they’d carry. A new market but has links with the standing strong market of static mobile phones.The ProductIntroduction of product:Now days, mobility is becoming an important factor in electronic devices.A superb product isnt simple to define since itll mean things.Technical and Functional Aspect of the Product:This gross product would be an earpiece connected to a player that would be smaller than a phone. Both the devices would be connected via Bluetooth. Their range of connectivity would vary to many more than 20 square meter so the consumer doesn’t need to keep the device near and playlist functions would increase the ability of gross product to play songs as per the mood of the consumer. Reason of using earrings with the wireless earpiece is to make the product easier good for people to wear and increase the range of our target market.To start with, youre mindful of how much it costs to create your merchandise.
Issue: How to identify the potential outlets?Mission statement:â€Å"We are the followers of the latest trend we strongly believe that fashion develops, we provide the best and quality is never compromised. Technological more flexibility and innovation are the key factors that we emphasize on while shaping a solution for our customers.†Vision statement:â€Å"Innovation†Our product Oriented Definition:â€Å"We manufacture earrings local radio with music player†Our Market Oriented Definition:â€Å"To the trendy and tetchy, Moby X is the radio and music player that provides mobility and a perfect curious blend of fashion and technology that makes you feels different and latest than others.†Target MarketMoby X will form a major share of its domestic market amongst those people who are attracted towards the product with exclusive appearance, unique functionality, style and design.Describe the way your target marketplace free will get your merchandise and also how youll market your goods.The mini chip radio and music player in the earrings itself is fascinating and will communicate on its own towards the people who are engrossed through mini products.Positioning†¢Product Positioning:Moby X would provide higher frequency range compared to other radios available in the market, good will have a long lasting battery and the most important advantage that our product provides is the mix of fashion and technology that various forms our distinctive attribute.Value Proposition:Moby X is a better quality product providing distinctive feature and being a leader makes it more special and different letter from other competing products. LAPCO using latest Japanese technologies is most reliable and durable.In the product description, you should explain what product or your service is, the particular thrust of apply your strategy and the strategies thatll be used to do your own objectives.
†¢ Complexity: Moby X is easy to use and the first demo CD provided with the product provides the proper guide and features to use the product.†¢ Divisibility: Moby X is an expensive product and initially no discounted rates can be offered.†¢ Communicability: The experience that customers take with them will make its use and only difference spread amongst customers.Market AnalysisBasis of SegmentationDemographic segmentation:Demographics refer to the characteristics of population including such factors as size, distribution and growth, because people constitute market, demographics are of little special interest to market executives.In the end, it is not mysterious and youll be able position to promote your company or to manage a person to deal with advertising for you once you understand how pieces fit together.Any one lying in the income bracket of Rs 50,000+ can afford this productPsychographic Segmentation:The psychographics of the Moby X can be analyzed by r eviewing the advertisement. The lifestyle shown in Moby X advertisements portray successful, sophisticated, professional women who are active energetic and full of life. Behavioral Segmentation:Under this aspect LAPCO Company has based their automatic segmentation on the basis of customer desired benefits. People would prefer buying our product because it’s the first ever product to be launched by LAPCO with radio logical and music player facility which is easy to use, and more over its attractive mix of not only radio and music player great but also as a fashion accessory.The plan has to be accessible to any employee at any given moment.
Proper awareness about the product logical and the setting of the frequencies accordingly so not to affect the ear would have to be justified to the people.Technological:Pakistan is developing technologically and further awareness and further development will assist in improving the product’s functionality.Competitor AssessmentCOMPETITOR ANALYSISMoby X is competing in portable media industry.Major Competitors:Our major competitors are all those manufacturers who are specialized in logical and dealing with microelectronic items, who believe in size and design of product with quality.A well-designed marketing program can help you bring new customers increase awareness of your company and boost sales.COMPETITIVE STRATEGIESDifferentiation:Moby X is an innovation in the arena of radios and all kinds of classical music players. It gives connectivity to the outside world in a way that adds value and beauty to the face.Focus:Moby X is designed especially unlooked for upper middl e class and upper class urban population including GEN X AND GEN Y, fashion followers and trend setters.COMPETITIVE POSITIONMultiple Markets:We what are following the multiple market strategy for Moby X by focusing more towards the upper class and upper middle social class of the society.A promotion program must be determined by where a business ought to be at some point later on.
Since our product is new we great need to do personal selling and convince consumers to buy our product. Then eventually as we gain a foot hold in the market we will have retailers selling our product.Marketing StrategyMARKETING MIXPRODUCT CLASSIFICATION:Moby X is broadly classified as consumer product and under this category we define it as a own specialty product because it is a perfect mix of style and technology. It involves strong brand preference and loyalty, special purchase efforts by consumers, little comparison of brands and low price sensitivity.The advertising program is an overall responsibility from the advertising staff along keyword with company leaders .It includes 3 years’ money back warranty and a pair of fabulous earrings along with the product. Customers are encouraged to fair share their views about the buying experience of the product and after sale experience through surveys conducted at the outlets. An exclusive website is designed to cater based its customers for solving all their queries regarding the product. Online purchasing service is also available.Face it is a chore.
3 years (Limited) Warranty.Size – (1/3x 1/3 x 3/8) mm is the size of radio chip. 30 x 20 x 5 mm is the size of the earring. Weight – 1/2 oz is the low weight of the earring radio.Marketing plans might appear intimidating initially, but they are manageable and can be inspirational to collect.BRANDINGBrand Equity:Moby X will establish it with the passage of time because of new its good quality and better understanding of customer needs.Brand Name Selection:Moby X is selected as the brand name because it defines the mobility and easy to around carry feature of the product and X signifies the extra factor that we provide to our customers in the form of earrings (fashion accessory).Brand Sponsorship:LAPCO is manufacturer’s brand.Brand Development:No extension.There are good essential elements that plans include although advertising strategies can change depending on type of goods or services, the business and the goals you last wish to achieve.
Free demo CD is also given. Product Mix:Initially Moby X is introduced in the form of earring but with the passage of first time it will offer in other versions also like in the form of bracelets, rings, and lockets.Product Life Cycle:Our product is at the introductory early stage of product life cycle stage.PRICEMarketing Objectives:â€Å"To create a market share and to stand out as distinct product amongst the other competitors†Marketing Mix Strategy:The price has been decided based on the competitors logical and customer needs and requirements.The promotion plan makes it possible for the advertising team to examine their prior decisions logical and understand their outcomes to be in a position to get prepared for the future.PRODUCT PRICING STRATEGYComparing competitor’s pricingCompetitorPriceSinclair XI Button RadioRs. 2304.93FM Mini Radios Rs.719.3500.PLACEMENTThe product would be sold through â€Å"Indirect Marketing Intermediary†. The product will be sold through push strategy that is product would be first distributed to the wholesalers and then to retailer. The retailers would assist in creating contact with the other retailers which would expand the network and add value.
Newspaper:Moby X is an expensive and new product. There is need to create awareness amongst people that such a product exists. ‘Dawn’ newspaper would be a better choice to advertise being one for the most popular newspapers in Pakistan. A full page would be dedicated to advertise the product providing a detail know how of the features and distinctive attributes.Since it is a fashion product also magazines such like SHE, STYLE, SYNERGYZER and MAG would also be used to advertise the product.Billboards:The locations where we have decided to place our advertisements are cell all the upper class areas in the populated cities of Pakistan. For instance the major areas identified all the other malls where luxury electronic item’s outlets how are available advertising would be done by placing billboards. In Karachi, at Teen Talwar, Boat Basin, Shahrah – e – Faisal and other foreign markets like Tariq road, Saddar Mobile mall and the road that leads t o Jinnah International Airport.com that special offers all the latest songs.Sales Promotion:One free pair of earring apart from the one already provided in the package would be given with the product.Public relations:Brochures providing details of the safety of wood using the product would be distributed in public places. Articles about the working and flexibility in use would be published in a leading magazine to inform the public about the safety in using this product.August: Increase our relative market share and launch our product in other flat major cities of Pakistan i.e. Lahore, Islamabad.September: We will start an integrated internet campaign targeting young college students.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)